Optimal Foraging Theory (UMAP)

This module introduces modeling of animal foraging behavior. It looks at how basic factors such as search and handling times and energy content may affect prey choice by foraging animals. An elementary model is then constructed that maximizes the net energy intake rate of the forager and that can predict optimal diets of animals. This model is then modified to take into account factors such as prey recognition time, food patches, and central place foraging. Data from several experiments illustrate all the models.

Table of Contents:

INTRODUCTION

BUILDING INTUITION
Basic Definitions
Search Time
Profitability

A SIMPLE MODEL OF FORAGING
The Algebra of Prey Choice
Rules for Optimal Foraging
Habitat Quality and Breadth of Diet

TESTING THE MODEL USING PREY DENSITY

RECOGNITION TIME
Taking the Time to Recognize Prey
Including Recognition Time in the Model
Distinguishing Monarch and Viceroy Butterflies

MODELING FOOD PATCHES
Different Patch Types
Optimal Foraging in Patches
Testing the Patch Model: Varying Travel Time

CENTRAL PLACE FORAGING
Round-Trip Costs of Provisioning Young
Variations of the CPF Model

COMPLICATIONS, CRITIQUES, AND CRITICISMS
The Problem of Nutrients
Other Considerations
Conclusion

SOLUTIONS TO SELECTED EXERCISES

REFERENCES

ABOUT THE AUTHOR